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Summary of the Main Sleep Disorders
Common sleep disordersThe most common sleep disorders include:
Restless legs syndrome (RLS): An irresistible urge to move legs. RLS sufferers often also have PLMD. Bruxism: The sufferer involuntarily grinds or clenches his or her teeth while sleeping. Delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS): A sleep disorder of circadian rhythm, characterized by the inability to wake up and fall asleep at the desired times, but not by inability to stay asleep. Hypopnea syndrome: Abnormally shallow breathing or slow respiratory rate while sleeping. Narcolepsy: The condition of falling asleep spontaneously and unwillingly at inappropriate times. Night terror or Pavor nocturnus or sleep terror disorder: abrupt awakening from sleep with behavior consistent with terror. Parasomnias: Include a variety of disruptive sleep-related events. Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD): Sudden involuntary movement of arms and/or legs during sleep, for example kicking the legs. Also known as nocturnal myoclonus. See also Hypnic jerk, which is not a disorder. PLMD sufferers often do not also have RLS. Rapid eye movement behavior disorder (RBD): Acting out violent or dramatic dreams while in REM sleep. Hatzfeldt Syndrome or Systemic Neuro-Epiphysial Disorder (SNED) is a somnipathy mainly characterized by an irregular sleep pattern, as well as irregular behavior Shift work sleep disorder (SWSD). Sleepwalking or somnambulism: Engaging in activities that are normally associated with wakefulness (such as eating or dressing), which may include walking, without the conscious knowledge of the subject. Snoring: Loud breathing patterns while sleeping; sometimes this is a symptom of sleep apnea. Common causes of sleep disorders:Changes in life style, such as shift work change (SWC), can contribute to sleep disorders. Other problems that can affect sleep:
A sleep diary can be used to help diagnose, and measure improvements in, sleep disorders. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale and the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) by Horne and Östberg are other useful diagnostic tools. According to Dr. William Dement, of the Stanford Sleep Center, anyone who snores and has daytime drowsiness should be evaluated for sleep disorders. Any time back pain or another form of chronic pain is present, both the pain and the sleep problems should be treated simultaneously, as pain can lead to sleep problems and vice versa.
Source: Marketdata Enterprises, Inc. research, Wikipedia
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